Although the majority of patients with epilepsy can be controlled with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), around 40% of these patients continue to have recurring seizures. Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) therapy is a supplemental treatment approved by Health Canada that has been used for drug-resistant patients for almost 20 years.

However, there is not yet data on the long-term outcomes of the VNS therapy system, which consists of an implantable generator (a small metal device) placed underneath the skin, a small, thin insulated wire called a “lead” that connects the generator to the left Vagus nerve in your neck, and a wireless external programming system used to program the device. The VNS therapy works by sending a small electrical current to the Vagus nerve, which is called stimulation.

The primary objective of this observational study consists of collecting data in order to evaluate the results of and benefits from this therapy, in different categories, such as quality of life, sleep, and the frequency and severity of seizures. More precisely, the goal is to create a registry of data that will allow us to evaluate the long-term response and observe the results from a large number of subjects using VNS therapy to treat their drug-resistant epilepsy. These data will serve, notably, to better guide physicians and help them advise their patients.

The primary purpose of this NIS is to assess the effectiveness of brivaracetam in earlier treatment line combinations in patients with POS for up to 12 months of treatment, under real-life clinical routine conditions (standard medical care). This means brivaracetam will be added to another anti-epileptic drug. Early treatment line combination means that only a few other anti-epileptic drug combinations have been given to you before. Other objectives of this study are to assess the tolerability and quality of life (QoL) status after introducing brivaracetam adjunctive treatment